Heating boiler



Gf. T. JACOCKS HEATING BOILER l Feb. 24, 1931.

Filed Jan.

27, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet l R@ WC mn mA T. G R m G l J A ATTORNEY Feb. 24, 1931. G, T JACOCKS 1,794,335

HEAT ING BOILER Filed Jan. 27, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet v2 ATTORNEY Feb. 24, 1931. Q T, JACQCKS l 1,794,335

HEATING BOILER Filed Jan. 2v, 192s 4 sheets-sheet s IN V EN TOR.

@some T. JA ocKs. 3% Z i ATTORNEY Feb. 24, 1931. s. T. JAcocKs HEATING BOILER Filed Jan. 27, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet- 4 INVENTOR. 6eme: T. Jacoc. s.

` .ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 24, 1931 "unire srriss rear ors` GEORGE T. JACOCKS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIECTITOR) BY E/IESNEV ASSIGNMENTS, T ALGO PRODUCTS NCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION-OF DELAWARE HEATNG BOILER 'Application filed January 27,1928. Serial No. 249,923.

lily invention relates to a heating system and more particularly to a method of constructing hot Water or steam boilers. My invention lends itself especially to Welded sheet metal construction.

In hot Water or steam heating systems` there are several disadvantages to existing arrangements and boiler constructions, particularly Where attempts have been made in the past to use sheet metal structures.

Existing types of boilers comprise cast iron or other shells spaced apart by numerous bolts, and have banks of pipes disposed horizontally and extending through the lire w chamber. This introduces a problem in the operation of the furnace since the pipe surfaces become insulated by reason of the collection of soot and dirt thereon, and also from the accumulation of mud, silt, etc., inside the pipes and the headers connected thereto. Since the shells are joined latnumerous places by bolts, many points are presen Where leakage can occur to such an extent as to require discontinuing operation of the boiler for repairs and certainly causing an inconvenience to the owner and operator of the boiler. rlhe boilers now constructed as one unit necessitate special building` facilities when installing or replacing the boiler.

lt is desirable in steam boiler furnaces to effect the maximum transfer of heat to the Water confined in the boiler and to the steam, as generated, in order to secure the greatest efficiency of the furnace. This maximum 5 heat transfer can be obtained with sheet metal constructions such as I propose.

lt is therefore the 'principal object of my invention to provide a construction of heating system boiler that will eliminate all of the foregoing diliiculties, and have numerous other advantages making to a boiler of the greatest eflicicncy in operation, simplicity of construction and mobility in assembly and in transportation.

ln the structure I propose, the boiler is composed of a plurality of separate units each complete in itself. Each unit consists of a plurality of thin or narrou7 Water passages or columns surroundinga plurality of long narrow fiues through which the gases and hot air lpass fromV the lire box yto the flue. Both the Water columns the air fiues are vertically disposed and so arranged as to substantially eliminate any area for soot and flue dirt to collect thereon, to thus interfere with the efliciency of operation of the boiler. Any possible collection of dirt fromy the flue is substantially confined to the topy edges of the narrow Water columns Where the heated gases are spent before entering into the flue and the transfer of heat to the Water and steam completed.

The entire unit is formed of sheet metal, that is to say, the air finesV and the enclosing Walls of each unit are composed of sheets of uniform thickness throughout and are Welded together to form the unit construction. The spacers between unitsY are likewise constructed of sheet metal.

By providing lrelatively thin KVWater col-V umns surrounded by relatively thin sheet metal Walls, "the Water and the steam generated therefrom arevery quickly and efliciently heated.

The bottom of each of my improved units is constructed with arched Walls so that silt and other dirt in the Water will not accumulate thereon to insulate the Water columns from the heat at the point of greatest heat. My unit is further constructed so that all of this Water dirt readily falls to a low point in the unit by the natural Wash of the system. The low point is in direct communication With the drain and therefore any accumulation is readily washed out or may be other- Wisev removed. l

The units are so designed that any number thereof may be connected together to form a boiler of any size desired. y

There are many structural advantages to the form of boiler as described in the following specification and which Will be apparent therefrom. insofar as these advantages may be obtained With other forms of construction I do not Wish to be limited to the specic embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, Wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view partly in section and With parts broken away to facilitate illustration of a portion of a boiler constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of the fire box roof structure;

Fig. 3 is a cross section of my improved furnace taken on line III-III of Fig. 5

Fig. 4 is also a cross section of my improved furnace taken on line IV-IV of Fig. 6;

Fig. 5 is a side view partly in section and partly in elevation, taken on the line 'V-V of Fig. 3, and

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view of my improved boiler, taken on the line VI-VI of Fig. 3.

In the structure hereinafter described, I propose to use sheet metal throughout and to weld all parts together. For convenience, I have accentuated the showing of the weld joints so that specic numerical reference need not be made thereto throughout the following specification.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings, a complete boiler comprises a plurality of units 9, 9a. and 9b. Of course, a boiler may have any number of units desired or required. Each unit comprises a pair of concave side plates 12 and 13 that are welded at each end to flanged U-shaped headers 10 and 11. The headers 10 and 11 and plates 12 and 13 are vertically disposed and, when closed at top and bottom as hereinafterdescribed, form a water and steam chamber 14. The chamber 14 is divided into a plurality of thin water columns and air passages which are formed by pairs of L-shaped or arcuate sheets 15 and 16 welded. together at their ends and forming substantially rectangular passages communicating with the fire box and the flue at their respective ends.v A slotted top plate 17 overlies and issecured to the upper edges of the headers 1() and 1l and the side plates 12 and 13, so as to close the chamber 14 and leave the air passages formed by sheets 15 and 16 unobstructed. The sheets 15 and 16 project through the openings in the top plate and are welded thereto as indicated in Fig. 5. The sheets 15 and 16 are maintained apart to form the air passages by compression struts 20. The struts are secured in placel by being welded at their outer ends as shown in Fig. 1, for convenience, and Fig. 2). Each unit is provided with water inlet ports 18 and water or steam outlet ports 19, respectively located at the lower and upper portions of the headers 10 and 11.

The bottom of each unit is so formed as to constitute the roof and side walls of the'fire box 21. The bottom plate 22 of each unit is slotted for the reception of the lower ends of the sheets'l and 16 which extend beyond the plate 22 and are welded thereto as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 6. The plate 22 is arched for purposes hereinafter described, and the bottom of the various sheets and plates conform thereto. The plate 22 is bent downwardly on each side outside of the area of the air passages, so as to form a portion of the side walls 23 of the fire box 21. (No attempt is made to show a complete fire box as that comprises no part of my invention.) 'Ihe bottom of each unit is completely sealed by bending the plate 22 outwardly at the base of the fire box and cutting the same so as to conform to the interior of the headers 10 and 11 where it is Welded in place, as indicated at 24 in Figs. 1 and 6, to seal the headers atthis point.

Having described one complete unit, I will now describe how a plurality of these units may be assembled into a boiler of any desired size. As'many units as are desired may be built at the factory and shipped to the point of use, or the units may be shipped disassembled and readily assembled at the point of use since the principal operation is that of welding.

Then the several units are constructed and in place, large spaces exist at each side between adjacent headers. These I propose to partially ll with intermediate spacer units g5 forming auxiliary water and steam chamers. f

Each spacer comprises a flanged U-shaped header similar to headers 10 and 11, and a V-shaped plate 26 welded to the flanges of the header, an overlying top plate (not specifically shown) and a bottom plate 27 formed similarly to plate 22 to constitute a portion of the side walls of the iirebox, and a portion of the roof thereof, and being bent to fitv 4into the header, the top and bottom plates being welded to the header and V-shaped .plate so as to seal the spacer. rIwo spacers are placed between each two units and the remainder of the area between units is in open communication with the lire box and the flue and forms an additional passage 28 for the hot air and gases.

The headers of the spacers are provided with inlet and outlet openings corresponding to the openings 18 and 19 in the headers 10 and 11. Between the headers are placed hollow spacing struts 32 in alignment with the openings 18 and 19, and if desired bracing struts 33 may be mounted inside the several headers, in any suitable manner. rIie-rod bolts 34 are passed through the several aligned inlet and outlet openings and also through appropriate coupling connectors 35 to the water and steam supply mains when the furnace is to be assembled in place. By taking up on the nuts on the ends of the bolts 34 the whole structure is brought together preferably until the flanges of the several headers touch. The 36 between the flanges (which in these drawings is accentuated for convenience of illustration) may either be caulked or welded to render the same airtight.

When the furnace is assembled, the ash pit lining 37, the grate support 38 and the grate 39 are secured in place, as well' as the usual fire box lining, etc., not shown. The lining 37 acts as a support for the lowerI walls of the units.

In the interest of greater ciiiciency of operation and also the accon'nnodation and jacketing of a fire door, i propose to modify the units that are to be used as the front and back units of my assembled furnace.

Referring to Figs. 3, il and 5, propose to omit the outermost air passages formed by the plates and 16 and also change the external sheets 12 and 13 which normally are of the shape indicated for the sheetv12 in Fig. 1.

Referring to the front unit, the sheet 12 is extended the full height of the furnace from the top plate 17 to the level of the grate 39 with no arched portion such as is vshown providing for the roof 22. A fire door frame is inserted in the front panel 12 and welded thereto, an opening just the size of the frame having been previously cut in the panel 12. The door is afterwards mounted on the frame in the usual manner.

The water compartment 14 is now sealed at the bottom and the fire door is provided with a water jacket by the insertion of a sheet 41. At the top the sheet All takes the shape of the bottom plate 22 of the unit and is welded thereto, and at its bottom the plate all has a iiange 41 turned inwardly to form the bottom of the water jacket around the tire door. The fire door frame is welded to the plate e1 and the flange 41 is welded to the sheet 12gasindicated in Fig. 5. At its sides the plate 41 is welded to the side portion ILA 23 of the bottom plate 22 of the unit. Thus, the lire door is provided witha water jacket in direct contact therewith and across the frontof the furnace.

For the rear unit the outermost sheet 12 or 13 is removed as well as the rearmost air passage and there is substituted for the rearmost sheet 12 a convex sheet which extends from the top plate 17 to the level of the grate.

A plate Ll (Figs. 3 and ll) is spaced from kthe modified rear wall 12 and extends from the bottom of the lire box to the plate 22,

taking the contour of the plate 22 at'its top.

The plate de is formed and mounted tl e same as heretofore described with reference to plate 'all and the description need not be repeated. Of course, the plate 22 is cut away so as to admit water into the portions enclosed by the plates 41 and de so that the lire box is completely surrounded by a water jacket.

Vhen the several units are in place a flue 42 is formed on top of the boiler by the rounded sheet i8 which is flanged and welded to the top plates 1T of the units and'spacers. The flue connects with the chimney or smoke- Stack (not shown) in well known manner.

In referring to the drawings,it will be noted that the chamber 14 is elliptical in cross section, is disposed vertically, and is divided into many thin narrow portions by the vertical air tlues which in turn are narrow. Hence the unit comprises a plurality of vthin narrow water columns surrounded by passages for the hot air and gases passing from the lire box to the flue. The air passages have spacing members which also act as heat transl fer agencies. Likewise, thel space between units is also used as an air passage so that the units are likewise surrounded by hot air passages.

Since the columns are vertically disposed, ample room is provided for the generation of steam in the columnl before it passes out of the boiler tothe requirements therefor so that the steam is more thoroughly heated thanin structures of the prior art. The heating is uniform throughout because Vmy'improved structure contemplates the use throughout of plates of uniform thickness, and the comparativer thinness .of the walls insures rapid transmission of heat to the water and steam. It should also be noted that the water is introduced into the boiler immediately adjacent and alongside the tire boxy and entirely surrounds the same, thus brinffing the water in closest practical proximity tothe source of heat.

Soot, ashes and chimney dirt can only accumulate on the narrow portions of the top plates 17 where substantially no heat transfer occurs, thus insuring eiiiciency of operation in this regard. Likewise, any watery, dirt or mud will not accumulate on the top of plates 22, but will be washed down into the base of the headers where it n ay be carried away by water passing out of the boiler, or may be emoved in any well known manner` This accumulation, if any, is not over the lire box'. A few of the structural features to be noted are the rigidity of the large and spaced sheet structures by reason of their elliptical shape and the welding of the sheets 12, 18, 15 and 16 to top and bottom plates with the unique construction at the bottom where longitudinal welds of considerable length are obtained. Furthermore, the linings 37 afford additi nal strengthening of the units at the bottom thereof, and the engagement of the long narrow edgesv of the flanges when the units are drawn together greatly aids the rigidity of the assemblin structure. lf the flue plate 43 is not put on unt-il after the tightening of the bolts 34, the clamping by the bolts will be SetlVhen any portion of the furnace may require replacement, that particular section may be removed and repaired or replaced. Since the welding that is required is of a simplecharacter and along seams which are readily reached, the possibilities of leakage at the joints is very greatly reduced, and by the elimination of the stay bolts, the greatest present cause of leakage in existing types of boilers is eliminated.

Modifications may be made inthe errang' ment and location of parts but such modiiications are within the spirit and scope of my invention and are intended to be covered by the appended claims. Y

I claim:

l. A heating boiler comprising units of spaced, vertica ly disposed sheets, top and bottom transverse closing members each having a plurality of spaced slots and a plurality of air passages vertically disposed be tween said spaced'sheets, said air passages being spaced relatively to each other each of the air passages leading through one of the slots in the top member and one of the slots in the bottom member, said sheet-s and walls of said air passages maintaining a continuity throughout the height of the boiler above the lirebox.

2. A heating boiler comprising units ot spaced, vertically disposed sheets, top and bottom closing members and a plurality of air passages vertically dispose-d between said spaced sheets, said air passages being spaced relatively to each other, and saidbottom closing members being arched to form a recess.

3. A heating boiler comprising a plurality of sheet metal units each consisting of vertically disposedsheets,` spaced from one another, top and bottom transverse closing members each having a plurality of spaced slots and a plurality or" air passages vertically disposed between said spaced sheets, said air passages being spaced relatively to each other each ol the air passages leading through one of the slots in the top member and one oit' the slots in the bottom member, said sheets and walls of said air passage maintaining a continuity throughout the height of the boiler above the lirebox, all of sz id sheets being welded at the oints thereof.

4l. A heating boiler comprising sheet metal units each having` vertically disposed sheets arcuately formed with respect to its transverse axis and spaced from one another, top and bottom transverse closing members each having a plurality of spaced slots and a plurality ot air passages vertically disposed between said spaced sheets, said air passages being spaced relatively tov each other each et the air passages leading through one of the slots in the top member and one et the slots in the bottom member said sheets and walls of said air passages maintaining a continuity throughout the height of the boiler above the irebox, all of said sheets being welded at the joints thereof.

5. A boiler comprising a plurality of units each comprising enclosing front and rear walls and a plurality ot substantially par allel vertical walls ot' sheet metal straight in a vertical direction 'directed transversely "v or" the boiler to provide vertical straight edges, said edges being united in pairs by welding to provide a plurality ot vertical relatively narrow passages, some of which being adapted for the fluid and others of which being adapted for the passage therethrough of the gases `from the boiler lire box, and toping a plurality oi spaced slots welded to thetop and bottom portions of said vertical sheets and said passages so as to form open and closed chambers in said unit, and said bottom plate forming a portion of a fire boX.

7. In a heating boiler, a plurality of `welded sheet metal units comprising vertically disposed sheets, said units being convex relatively to each other through their transverse axis, a plurality of sheetmetal enclosed pas'- sages disposed between said vertical sheets and substantially parallel thereto, said passages being in spaced relation to each other, pertorate top and bottom plates welded to the top and bottom portions oi' said vertical sheets and said passages so as to ormopen and closed chambers in said unit, said bottom plate forming a portion of a lire box, a plurality of spacers interlocking with said units, said spacers comprising vertically disposed chambers.

8. In a heating boiler, a plurality of weld y ed sheet metal units comprising vertically disposed sheets., said units being convex relatively to each other through their transverse axis, a plurality of sheet metal enclosed passages disposed between said vertical sheets and substantially parallel thereto, said passages being in spaced relation to each other, pertorate top and bottom plates welded to the top and bottom portions of said vertical sheets and said passages so as to form open and closed chambers in said unit, said bottom plate forming a portion of the boiler ire box, a plurality of intermediate spacers interlocking with said units, said spacers comprising vertically disposed U and V shaped sheet members welded along their abutting edges, top and bottom plates welded thereto, said bottom plate forming another portion of the lire box.

9. In a heatingV boiler, a plurality ot' welded sheet metal units. comprising vertically disposed sheets, said units being convex relatively to each other through their transverse axis, a plurality of sheet metal enclosed passages disposed between said vertical sheets and substantially parallel thereto, said passages being in spaced relation to each other, perforate top and bottom plates welded to the top and bottom portions ot' said vertical sheets and said passages so as to form open and closed chambers in said unit, said bottom plate forming a portion of the boiler re box, a plurality of intermediate spacers interlocking with said units, said spacers comprising vertically disposed U and V shaped sheet members welded along their abutting edges, top and bottom plates welded thereto, said bottom plate forming another portion of the lire box, a lire door mounted in one of said units, aligned inlet and outlet openings in said units and spacers, and tie rods inserted through the assembly of units and spacers and securing them together.

10.1n a heating boiler, a plurality of welded sheet metal units comprising vertically disposed sheets, said unit-s being convex relatively to each other through their transverse axis, a plurality of sheet metal enclosed passages disposed between said vertical sheets and substantially parallel thereto, said passages being in. spaced relation' to each other, perforate top and bottom plates welded to the top and bottom portions of said'vertical sheets and said passages so as to form open and closed chambers in said unit, said bottom plate forming a portion of the boiler lire box, a plurality of intermediate spacers interlocking with said units, said spacers comprising vertically disposed U and V shaped sheet members welded along their abutting edges, top and bottom plates welded thereto, said bottom plate forming another portion of the lire box, a re door mounted in one of said units, aligned inlet and outlet openings in said units and spacers, tubular compression elements disposed between said units and spacers and aligned with said openings, and tie rods extending through said openings and tubular elements and securing the assembly of units and spacers together.

ll. In a heating boiler, a plurality of welded sheet metal units comprising vertically disposd sheets, said units being convex relatively to each other through their transverse axis, a plurality of sheet metal enclosed passages disposed between said verti-V calsheets and substantially parallel thereto, said passages being in spaced relation to each other, perforate top and bottom plates welded to the top and bottom portions of said vertical sheets and said passages so as to form open and closed chambers in said unit, said bottom plate forming a portion of the boiler re box, a plurality of intermediate spacers interlocking with said units, said spacers comprising vertically disposed U and V shaped sheet members welded along their abutting edges, top and bottom plates welded thereto, said bottom plate forming another portion'of the lire box, a lire doormounted in one ot said units, aligned inlet and outlet openings in said units and spacers, tubular compression elements disposed between said units and spacers and aligned with said openings, tie rods extending through said openings and tubular elements and clampingy means associated with said tie reds, to secure the assembly of units and spacers together.

l2. ln a 'heaing boiler, a plurality of welded sheet meta-l units comprising vertically disposed sheets, said uni-s being yconvex relatively to each other through their transverse axis, a plurality of sheet metal enclosed passages disposed between said vertical sheets and substantially parallel thereto, said Vpassages being in spaced relation to each other, perorate top and bottom plates weld-ed to the top and bottom portions ot said vertical sheets and said passages so as to form open and closed chambers in said unit, said bottom plate formingv a portion of the boiler fire box, a plurality of intermediate spacers interlocking with said units, said spacers comprising vertically disposed U and V shaped sheet members welded along their abutting enges, top an-d bottom plates welded thereto, said bottom plate forming another portion `of the tire box, a tire door mounted in one of said units, aligned inlet and outlet openings in said units and spacers, tubular compression elements disposed between said units and spacers andr aligned with said openings, tie rods extending through said openings and tubular elements and securing the assembly of units and spacers together, and a flue chamber welded to the aforementioned top plates and horizontally disposed tnereacross, to providea chimney connection.

13. In a vertical boiler, unitary welded sheet metal sections, consisting of U shaped end members having convex body members welded thereto, top and bottom plates welded to said end members and convex body members, said convex body members encompassing a plurality of rectangular and arcuate sheets forming passages therethrough and secured by welding to said top and loottom plates, and means for securing a `plurality of said unitary sections together.

14. A heating boiler comprising a section formed of a plurality of vertical sheets of metal enclosing the section. and also a plurality of air passages therethroughhsaid sheets and walls of said airpassagesmaintaining a continuity throughout theheight of the boiler above the lire box, and bottomV and top transverse plates each having a plurality of spaced slots closing the bottom and top of said section except for the air passages, so that said section when completed consists of a plurality of thin or narrow enclosed sections vertically disposed and adapted to receivea fluid to be heated, and a plurality of air passages in intimate contact with the enclosed passages and also vertically disposed, and leadingthroughthe slots in the top and bottom plates. Y Y Y l5. A heating boiler comprising al section formed of a plurality of vertical sheets of nietalenclosing the section and alsoaplurality of air passages therethrough, said sheets and Walls of said air passages maintaining a continuity throughout the height of the boiler above the lire box, and bottom and top transverse plates each having, a plurality of spacedV slots closingl the bottom and top of said section except for the air passages, so that said section when completed consists of a plurality oi' thin or narrow enclosed sections vertically disposed and adapted to receive a fluid to be heated, a plurality or" air passages in intimate Contact With the enclosed passages and also vertically disposed, and air passages on opposite sides oic said enclosingV sheets. .Y

16. In a heatingboiler the combination of a plurality of units, each unit embodying a plurality of vertically disposed sheets, top and bottom transverse closing` members each having a plurality of spaced slots, and a plurality of air passages vertically disposed between said sheets, each oi' said air passages leading through a. slot in the top transverse member and a slot in the bottom transverse member; and spacing members interposed .between the units, said spacing members, each comprising a vertically disposed chamber.

ln testimony whereof l atlix my signature.

GEORGE i T; JACOCKS. 

